--- title: The 10 Most Important Programming Languages description: "All computers in the world work in the same way: a series of 0's and 1's representing commands and data to be processed. However, it is not so easy to program d" image: /hubfs/blog-images/P1200697-scaled-e1604489946787.jpg#keepProtocol --- [Coding & Dev AI](https://blog.talentgarden.com/en/blog/tag/coding-dev-ai) 13 min read # The 10 Most Important Programming Languages Written by ![Talent Garden](https://blog.talentgarden.com/hubfs/logo-tag-blog.png) [Talent Garden](https://blog.talentgarden.com/en/blog/coding/the-10-most-important-programming-languages#) ![](https://blog.talentgarden.com/hubfs/blog-images/P1200697-scaled-e1604489946787.jpg) Share on ![](https://blog.talentgarden.com/hubfs/blog-images/P1200697-scaled-e1604489946787.jpg) Don't you want to read? Try listening to the article in audio mode 🎧 All computers in the world work in the same way: a series of 0's and 1's representing commands and data to be processed. However, it is not so easy to program directly in *machine language* . Higher-level *programming languages* were therefore born to allow abstracting computer programming and bringing development closer to models that are easier to understand by programmers .  Over the decades, many programming languages ​​have been created, and even today the creative process has not stopped! Each of these languages ​​refers to a specific model or solves in a different way a particular problem possibly introduced by a previous language. In the last 10 years during which I have been working *as Tech Community Manager* , I have dealt with many developers who preferred one programming language rather than another and I have attended many meetups, evening meetings organized by programmers united by the desire to share the passion for their favorite programming language.  Even during the period of Covid-19 that we are experiencing, the meetings continued online as, for example, we did with the " Dev Community Night " promoted by Talent Garden Innovation School which saw me active at the forefront with the fixed appointments on Thursday evening which, after the summer break in August, also resume in September. What is the programming language to focus on? Below, here's what they replied to me, broken down into a 10-point list. ## 1. Python ``` print ("Hello, world!") ``` *Python* is now 30 years old! Its creator, Dutch *Guido van Rossum* , started working on it in the late 1980s and the language was released publicly in 1991. It owes its name to its inventor's passion for Monty Python and their television series Monty Python's Flying Circus, aired on the BBC during the 1970s. *Python* development is currently managed by the non-profit organization *Python Software Foundation with the* help of the huge international community of developers. *Python* is a high-level, *open-source* programming language and has thousands of libraries and frameworks. Although *Python* is usually considered an interpreted language, in reality the source code first passes through a pre-compilation phase in *bytecode* , which is almost always reused after the first execution of the program, thus avoiding reinterpreting the source each time and improving the performance. Furthermore, it is a *cross-platform* language ; in fact, the code can run on any platform that has an interpreter. It is a simple language to learn and use. The intention of its creator was, in fact, that it be an immediately understandable language. It comes with an extremely rich library, which together with automatic memory management and robust exception handling make it one of the richest and most comfortable languages ​​to program with. It is used in many contexts: from the desktop to the web, from video game development to system *scripting* . It is also considered one of the best programming languages ​​for *Machine Learning* . It is strongly supported by *Facebook* , *Amazon* and especially by *Google* . Official website: [https://www.python.org/](https://www.python.org/) ## 2. JavaScript ``` ``` *JavaScript* , often abbreviated to *JS* , is a high-level interpreted language, which is part of the *scripting* languages . It was originally developed by *Brendan Eich* of *Netscape Communications* on commission from the same company in order to create a language to be integrated into your *browser* that would allow you to extend its functionality in a simple and, above all, rapid way. First named *Mochan* and later *LiveScript* , it was only later renamed *JavaScript due* to the partnership with *Sun Microsystems* which was launching *Java* .   In fact, in 1995 *Netscape* had decided to equip its *browser* with a *scripting* language that would allow web designers to interact with the different objects on the page (images, forms, links, etc.), but above all with *Java applets* . The two companies in December of '95 announced the birth of this new language. Standardized for the first time in 1997 by *ECMA* under the name *ECMAScript, it* is also an *ISO standard* . *Microsoft* did not wait and responded with *VBScript* within *Internet Explorer* and creating its own version of *JavaScript*called *JScript* which was the version of *Internet Explorer JavaScript* : we are in July 1996. *JavaScript* achieved great success among developers and web designers not for the interaction with *Java applets* such as *Netscape* and *Sun Microsystems* they would have liked but for the use made by the developers who introduced dynamic effects in the web pages triggered by the interaction through the *scripts* user via mouse, keyboard, page loading, etc. Today, along with *HTML and CSS* , *JavaScript* is one of the most important technologies on the *web* and all major *browsers* have their own dedicated *JavaScript* engine . Additionally, *JavaScript* engines , originally only used in browsers, now also run on servers, via *Node.js* for example, and in a variety of applications built with *frameworks* like *Electron* and *Cordova* . Thanks to the proliferation of *libraries* and *frameworks* , *JavaScript* has become a very popular language,*multiplatform* and after so many years it is experiencing a new youth! Official website: [www.ecmascript.org](http://www.ecmascript.org/) ## 3. C # ``` using System; ``` ``` class HelloWorldApp {      public static void Main (string [] args)     {           Console.WriteLine ("Hello World");          Console.ReadLine ();     } } ``` *C #* (pronounced “ *C Sharp* ”) is an object-oriented programming language developed by *Microsoft* within the *.NET framework. *It was later approved as *an ECMA standard* and is also an *ISO* standard . Its creator *James Gosling* , as well as *Bill Joy* of *Sun Microsystem* , called it an imitation of *Java* , while, according to principal designer *Anders Hejsberg* , the Danish computer scientist who previously developed the languages *Turbo Pascal* and *Borland Delphi* , the structure of *C #* is closer to that of the *C ++* language *.* Its provisional name was “ *Cool* ”, acronym for “ *C-like Object Oriented Language* “, but at the official presentation of the *.NET* project at the *Professional Developers Conference* held in July 2000 in Orlando, it was presented as *C #* . At the same conference it was added support *C #* to *libraries* and *runtime* for *ASP.NET* . The *C #* language is suitable for writing applications for *Windows* , for developing *Web pages* , *Android* applications and for *Embedded systems* . It is also used in *Unity* to develop video games. A curiosity: the name of the language, *C Sharp* , is inspired by musical notation. The *sharp* symbol ( ♯ ) is an alteration, in an increasing sense, of the pitch of the note to which it refers; that is written to the left of a note makes it higher by a semitone.  Official website: [docs.microsoft.com/it-it/dotnet/csharp](https://docs.microsoft.com/it-it/dotnet/csharp/) ## 4. Typescript ``` let message: string = "Hello World" console.log (message) ``` TypeScript is an open-source programming language developed and maintained by Microsoft that can be used to develop both client and server JavaScript applications (thanks to Node.js ). It is a superset of JavaScript that is, it extends the syntax of the latter to provide the developer with those characteristics of modern programming languages ​​that allow the design of complex JavaScript applications in an easier way. All JavaScript code can be used as TypeScript . You can start with pure JavaScript and gradually migrate your code to use the features of TypeScript . TypeScript compiles into JavaScript . You can even decide which version of JavaScript the TypeScript compiler should produce. The advantage is that you can use all the modern language features in your applications and support older browsers at the same time . Some JavaScript purists seem to resist it while those from other languages, like Java and C #, seem to love it. TypeScript is becoming more and more popular to such an extent that it is in the Top ten in the most recent “ StackOverflow Developer Survey ”. For an old Delphi developer like me, it's great that Anders Hejlsberg - the dad of Turbo Pascal and Delphi - who is also the creator of C # is actively working on this language . Official website: [www.typescriptlang.org](http://www.typescriptlang.org/) ## 5. Go ``` package main import "fmt" func main () {      fmt.Printf ("Hello, World \ n") } ``` *Go* - also called *GoLang* - is an *open-source* programming language developed by *Google* starting in 2007 and officially released in 2009. Its creators, *Robert Griesemer* , *Rob Pike* and *Ken Thompson* of *Google* , wanted to create a language with a very clear initial philosophy: cleanliness, simplicity, practicality and clarity. As *Rob Pike* said in a 2012 talk, “ *Go* is a language developed by *Google* to try to solve *Google's* problems , and *Google* needs to solve big problems… The main purpose for which *Go* was created is to reduce slowness. software development in *Google* and consequently making processes more productive and scalable ”. *Go* has only a few dozen *keywords* and can be learned in one day. It natively compiles into *machine code* , no *virtual machines* are needed and it is not interpreted. It is therefore very fast and efficient. Compilers are available for all major operating systems. The syntax resembles that of *C* except for the type declaration and the lack of parentheses for the *for* and *if* loops . Memory management is entrusted to a *garbage collector* . Some of the most successful projects currently used in the IT world such as *Docker* and *Kubernetes* are written in *Go* . *Google, Amazon, AT&T, Facebook, IBM, Netflix, Zalando* and many other companies use it for projects in production. *Go's* mascot is a particular North American rodent species called the *Gopher* . Official website: [www.golang.org](http://www.golang.org/) ## 6. Java ``` class HelloWorld { public static void main (String [] args)      {          System.out.println ("Hello World");     } } ``` *Java* is a high-level, object-oriented programming language that runs on the *Java Virtual Machine (JVM)* software platform created to make the language independent of the hardware it runs on.  The dawn of *Java* as a programming language dates back to the early 1990s from research work at *Stanford University. *But let's go by steps: in '92 the *Oak* language ("oak") was born, produced by *Sun Microsystems* and created by a group of developers led by *James Gosling* but it was soon necessary to change the name to *Java* as *Oak* was already a language of programming. Its basic syntax was made very similar to that of *C ++* , which was in vogue in those years, to make the adoption of *Java* more attractive to programmers. In 1993, with the explosion of the *Internet* , *Java* began to get noticed, in fact *Netscape* announced the choice to equip its then famous *browser* with the *Java Virtual Machine (JVM). *This marked the beginning of a new era because thanks to *applets* web pages became interactive.  *Java* was officially announced in '95 at the *SunWorld* conference   with the motto “ *Write Once, Run Anywhere* ” which is one of the fundamental principles of the language. In 2006 *Sun Microsystems* distributed the compiler and the *JVM* under *the GPL license* and the following year also the libraries making *Java* an *open-source* programming language . It is said that its name is associated with coffee as its creators often found themselves drinking a cup to talk about the project - *Java* is a quality of coffee from Indonesia - while an unconfirmed legend reveals that the name of the language is l 'acronym for “ *Just Another Vacuum Acronym* ”, an ironic reference to the proliferation of abbreviations used in the IT field. After so many years, today, it still remains one of the most used programming languages ​​in the world. Official website: [www.java.com](http://www.java.com/) ## 7. Dart ``` main () {      print ('Hello World!'); } ``` *Dart* , *formerly* called *Dash* , is an *open-source* , *object-oriented* and *general-purpose* programming language developed by *Google* . It was first presented in 2011 at the *GOTO* programmers conference in Denmark. The stated purpose was to replace *JavaScript* , to solve all those problems that cannot be solved with the evolution of the language, while offering, at the same time, better performance, better productivity in large projects and better security features. The *Dart* compiler allows you to write programs for the web but also for desktops and servers; in fact, it can compile in both *JavaScript* and *native code* . The *Virtual Machine of Dart* was supposed to be integrated directly into the *Chrome browser as* early as 2011 but in 2015 *Google* gave it up in favor of compiling in *JavaScript* . Many developers only became interested in *Dart* when *Flutter* became established . *Flutter* is a mobile app *SDK* , complete with frameworks, widgets and tools, that offers developers a way to build and deploy native mobile apps for *Android* and *iOS* , written in *Dart* . Beyond *Google* , companies like *Alibaba, Adobe, MailChimp,* and *JetBrains* are using this language in production. Official website: [www.dart.dev](http://www.dart.dev/) ## 8. Rust ``` fn main () {      println! ("Hello, world!"); } ``` *Rust* is an *open-source* programming language for systems that focuses on speed, security and parallelism. The language was created by *Graydon Hoare* , a *Mozilla* employee , and since 2010 its development is supported directly by the *Mozilla Foundation* . Even if it is a very young language it already seems very mature. As it stands out on the official website, *Rust* is “ *the language that empowers everyone to create reliable and efficient software* ”! There is no need for a low-level background to write efficient and reliable programs. *Rust* is incredibly fast and memory efficient: without *runtime* or *garbage collector* , it can be used for performance-critical services, run on *embedded devices,* and integrate easily with other languages. Many developers are using *Rust* to create a wide range of new software applications such as game engines, operating systems, file systems, browser components, virtual reality simulation engines. *Mozilla* itself uses *Rust* for Servo, its *web browser* engine , and core parts of *Firefox* . Furthermore, it is also used in production by *Dropbox, npm, Postmates, Braintree* and many other companies. *Rust* uses a package manager called *Cargo* . Like *npm* in *JavaScript* or *Ruby Gems* , *Cargo* allows you to get and compile everything you need for your projects: it is used to create a new project in *Rust* as well as to check for errors, compile and manage dependencies. One final curiosity: *Rust's* compiler , *rustc* , was compiled by itself! Official website: [www.rust-lang.org](http://www.rust-lang.org/) ## 9. Swift ``` import UIKit ``` ``` print ("Hello, world!") ``` *Swift* was developed for 4 years in secret, no one knew of its existence outside of *Apple. *It then made its first appearance at *WWDC* - *Apple's* developer conference - in 2014. *Apple's* intention was for a new language for *macOS, iOS* and its ecosystem. Today *Swift* is an *open-source* and *general-purpose language* that has quickly gained popularity and contributions from the programming *community* . It is developed to coexist with the *Objective-C* language , already widely used on *Apple* systems , simplifying code writing. Created by *Chris Lattner* , with the contribution of many other *Apple* programmers , it is inspired by other programming languages ​​such as *Objective-C, Rust, Haskell, Ruby, Python, C #* and many others. In 2016 *Apple* released a free *iPad* application , *Swift Playgrounds* , which allows especially young people, thanks to simple and intuitive graphics, to quickly start learning to program in *Swift* . Official website: [www.swift.org](http://www.swift.org/) ## 10. Kotlin ``` fun main () {      println ("Hello World") } ``` At *Google I / O* - *Google's* developer conference - in May 2017, *Google* announced that it would begin supporting a new language for developing on *Android* . It was *Kotlin* , created by *JetBrains* , the software company behind the most popular *Java IDE* , *IntelliJ IDEA* . Since 2019, *Kotlin* has been *Google's* recommended language for developing *Android* applications . It appears, in fact, as the first option in the *Android Studio IDE* . At *JetBrains* the developers were tired of *Java's* verbiage . They wanted a compatible but more concise language. When they started working on *Kotlin* they decided to make it *open-source* and the language benefited immensely thanks to the support of the large *Java* community . Development began in 2011 and the language is named after the island of the same name near St. Petersburg. *Kotlin* is based on the *Java Virtual Machine* , it is oriented towards object-oriented programming but also functional programming, it is inspired and takes cues from other languages ​​such as *Scala* , *Java* itself but also from *Pascal* and modern *Go* and *F #* . As stated *Andrey Breslav* , project leader, *Kotlin* was created to be fully operational with the *Java* environment and its huge ecosystem, overcoming its limitations and criticalities. In addition to running on *JVM* environments, the compiler is able to generate *JavaScript* code, can compile directly into *machine code* on supported systems and can be used for any type of server, client and *Android development* . Official website: [www.kotlinlang.org](http://www.kotlinlang.org/) **-** ### **Innocent Sansone** I have been programming since I was a child, when my parents gave me a Commodore 16. Over 15 years ago, one of the first in Italy, I started working as a Community Manager in the Tech field for an important multinational in the sector. Continuing this work with other companies, I have created and supported many Dev Communities, I have conceived and organized hundreds of technical events, I have directed Tech Community programs and departments. Today, as a freelancer, I dialogue with thousands of developers, technology professionals and enthusiasts, startups, companies, communities and associations. I continue to deal with Community by managing Public Relations (with the direct network - its own community - and the indirect network - all the others), organizing online and live events, devising new formats, dealing with Communication and Marketing specific for the Community, supporting in the development of products and services aimed at enhancing the interaction with their public. Find me on www.innosans.it, see you soon! Article updated on: **09 August 2023** ![Talent Garden](https://blog.talentgarden.com/hubfs/logo-tag-blog.png) Written by Talent Garden, Digital Skills Academy ### Subscribe to our newsletter Subscribe to the newsletter to stay up-to-date on the latest digital industry news and trends ### Keep reading ![](https://blog.talentgarden.com/hubfs/blog-images/man-791049_1920.jpg) 5 min read ### 10 Digital Marketing Skills You Need in 2021 The skills and abilities required in the tech industry are ever changing and therefore keeping up to date with newest ... 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